When preparing your static caravan for a period of non-use, for example over winter, or when it will be unoccupied for some time, it is important to properly drain down the water system. Draining down helps to prevent frost damage, avoid water leakage, and maintain the integrity of pipework and fittings. But how can you drain down a static caravan effectively? And how can you make sure you do everything right?
How to drain down a static caravan: A step by step guide
- Shut off the water supply
The first step is to turn off the incoming fresh-water supply to the caravan. Locate the external water supply stop-cock or isolation valve and close it. If the caravan is connected to a mains supply, ensure the external isolation is off; if it uses a bowser or internal tank supply, switch off the pump. Once the incoming supply is isolated, open a tap inside the caravan (for instance at the kitchen sink) to release residual pressure in the system.
- Drain internal pipework and appliances
Next, open all internal taps, both hot and cold, throughout the caravan, including at the kitchen, bathroom sink, shower and toilet cistern (if applicable). If the caravan has a boiler or combination boiler supplying hot water, turn off the boiler and allow it to cool, then open its drain-cock or internal valve as outlined in the manufacturer’s handbook. This ensures that hot-water circuit pipework is emptied and prevents trapped water from freezing or causing damage.
- Flush the system if required
If the caravan has seen heavy use or contains mineral deposits, you may wish to flush the system before final draining. With the taps open, briefly turn the water supply back on, allow water to run from each outlet, and then shut the supply again and drain. Flushing helps to remove contaminants that might otherwise remain stagnant in the pipes.
- Drain external pipework and fittings
Caravans may have external taps or hose connections. These external fittings are particularly vulnerable to freezing. Open any external spigot taps, remove hoses, and allow the water to run out. If there are drain plugs or petcocks provided for the exterior supply line, open those as well. It may also help to gently tilt or incline the pipework (if safe and appropriate) so any residual water flows out fully.
- Empty and flush toilets / waste-water systems
If the static caravan has a toilet with a cistern or cassette system, empty the waste cassette and clean it according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Some systems may benefit from a light flush with freshwater before leaving. In addition, the internal drainage pipes (for shower, sink and toilet) should be inspected to ensure no standing water remains; an external gullies or waste outlet may have a removable cap, so you should open it briefly to allow any trapped water to escape.
- Add antifreeze if necessary
In regions where freezing temperatures are likely, you may wish to apply low-toxic antifreeze to vulnerable parts of the system, particularly sinks, shower trays, external taps and cisterns. Use antifreeze designed for caravan and motor-home applications. Add a small quantity to each drain fitting and run a little through the taps to distribute. Always follow the manufacturer’s safety guidance and local environmental regulations.
- Turn off electrical supplies and gas (if applicable)
Although not strictly part of the water-drain process, it is good practice when leaving a caravan unused for an extended period to turn off non-essential electrical circuits and isolate the gas supply (if you have a gas-heated water system or gas appliances). Ensuring that the heating is off and no appliances are left active reduces the risk of damage or fire during absence.
- Final checks and maintenance
Once the system is fully drained, close all taps, reset any drain plugs you removed, and inspect pipework and connections for any sign of leaks or corrosion. Record the date and condition of your drain-down so you can monitor the caravan’s system over time. It is also advisable to schedule a full inspection when the caravan is next brought back into use.
Why is draining down a static caravan so important?
Leaving a caravan’s water system filled when unused can result in a number of issues, including freezing and bursting of pipes, saturation and mould growth in cavity areas, degradation of seals and valves due to stagnation, and unpleasant odours from standing water. By drawing down the system and removing water from both internal and external lines, you mitigate these risks, preserve your caravan’s condition and reduce maintenance costs when it is reoccupied.
Safety considerations
Always consult the caravan or appliance manufacturer’s manual before proceeding with drain-down operations. Some models incorporate built-in drain valves, frost protection features or integrated pump systems that have particular requirements. You should also use appropriate personal protective equipment (for example gloves when handling antifreeze) and ensure good ventilation if you are working in enclosed spaces. If you are uncertain about any aspect of the work, consider engaging a competent technician who specialises in caravans or leisure-vehicle plumbing.
Recommissioning the system
When you are ready to reuse the caravan, reverse the drain-down procedure carefully. Close any external valves or caps, reinstall hoses, turn on the incoming water supply, and open all taps until a steady stream flows. Refill the boiler or hot-water heater if applicable, bleed any radiators or heating circuits, check for leaks, and run the appliances to ensure correct operation. It is wise to perform a full inspection of all pipework fittings and check that the caravan’s water softener or filtration system (if present) is functioning correctly.
If you’re looking to purchase a static caravan in great condition and at an affordable price, why not take a look at what we can offer here at West Lancs Caravans?